Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood
06:07

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Published on: February 5, 2020

5.8K

Hallmarks of Resistance to Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors

Maria Karasarides1, Alexandria P Cogdill2,3, Paul B Robbins4

  • 1Worldwide Medical Oncology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey.

Cancer Immunology Research
|April 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show limited efficacy in many cancers. This research outlines a framework of eight biological processes, or "immune resistance nodes," to guide future research and improve patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer treatment but are ineffective for many patients.
  • Resistance to ICIs is a significant challenge, limiting their widespread clinical benefit.
  • Identifying mechanisms of resistance is crucial for developing more effective cancer therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a framework for understanding and researching immune resistance to ICIs.
  • To identify key biological processes contributing to ICI resistance.
  • To guide future research directions and drug development for overcoming treatment resistance.

Main Methods:

  • A collaborative workshop involving experts from academia, biopharma, and nonprofit sectors.
  • Collating seminal discoveries related to known biological processes.
  • Defining eight "immune resistance nodes" based on biological processes.

Main Results:

  • Identified eight critical biological processes as "immune resistance nodes."
  • Highlighted seminal discoveries defining each node.
  • Posed critical research questions to advance the understanding of immune resistance.

Conclusions:

  • A structured framework for immune resistance research has been proposed.
  • Answering key questions about these nodes will expand our understanding of ICI resistance.
  • Integrating multiomic data can create a map of resistance phenotypes to guide drug development and improve patient outcomes.

More Related Videos

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology07:04

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

584
Multiplexed Immunofluorescence Analysis and Quantification of Intratumoral PD-1+ Tim-3+ CD8+ T Cells09:32

Multiplexed Immunofluorescence Analysis and Quantification of Intratumoral PD-1+ Tim-3+ CD8+ T Cells

Published on: February 8, 2018

14.8K

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
693
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K