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Global Quenches after Localized Perturbations.

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  • 1Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, LPTMS, 91405 Orsay, France.

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PubMed
Summary

A single spin flip in quantum spin chains permanently alters the system, even at large distances. This localized perturbation prevents the restoration of translational invariance, showing a dependence on the initial spin state and suggesting topological origins.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Many-body systems

Background:

  • Investigating quantum systems after a global quench is crucial for understanding their dynamics.
  • The behavior of spin-1/2 chains under perturbations is a key area in condensed matter theory.
  • Translational invariance is a fundamental property in many physical systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the long-term effects of a localized perturbation (a single spin flip) on quantum spin chains.
  • To determine if translational invariance is restored after a global quench following a spin flip.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms, potentially topological, responsible for persistent localized effects.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating spin-1/2 chains with local Hamiltonians.

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  • Introducing a single spin flip as a localized perturbation before a global quench.
  • Analyzing the system's behavior in the infinite-time limit.

    • Main Results:

    • The localized perturbation's effect persists regardless of distance from the initial spin flip.
    • Translational invariance is not restored in the system after the quench.
    • The infinite-time state depends on whether the initial spin was flipped or not.

    Conclusions:

    • Localized perturbations in translationally invariant quantum systems can have non-decaying effects.
    • The phenomenon suggests a breakdown of ergodicity or thermalization due to the perturbation.
    • Topological properties, specifically semilocal charges, are conjectured to be the cause of this persistent behavior.