Current Techniques in Total Ankle Arthroplasty

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering
• Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

• Total ankle replacement (TAR) is gaining popularity as a motion-preserving alternative to ankle fusion (arthrodesis).
• TAR is indicated for various forms of ankle arthritis, including primary, posttraumatic, and inflammatory conditions.
• Successful outcomes in TAR depend heavily on appropriate patient selection and surgical technique.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of techniques for total ankle replacement (TAR).
• To discuss strategies for managing coronal plane deformities in TAR.
• To present the authors' experience with single versus staged correction of deformities.

Main Methods:

• Review of techniques for achieving a well-aligned ankle joint during TAR.
• Discussion of methods to correct varus and valgus deformities.
• Analysis of single versus staged surgical approaches for coronal plane deformities.

Main Results:

• Proper patient selection is crucial for successful TAR outcomes.
• Specific contraindications for TAR include neuropathy, infection, severe peripheral arterial disease, poor bone stock, and uncorrectable deformities.
• Techniques for addressing coronal plane deformities are essential for optimal TAR results.

Conclusions:

• Total ankle replacement (TAR) offers a viable motion-preserving option for ankle arthritis.
• Meticulous patient selection and adept management of coronal plane deformities are critical for successful TAR.
• The authors share insights into managing complex deformities in TAR procedures.