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Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) in children: a modified Delphi process.
Terence Stephenson1, Benjamin Allin2, Manjula D Nugawela3
1UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health Population, Policy and Practice, London, UK t.stephenson@ucl.ac.uk.
A new research definition for Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) in children and young people (CYP) was established. This definition aids consistent research by outlining criteria for persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection in youth.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) presents diagnostic challenges in children and young people (CYP).
- A standardized research definition is crucial for consistent study methodologies and data comparison in pediatric Long COVID research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To derive a consensus-based research definition for Long COVID in children and young people (CYP).
- To facilitate comparative research on post-COVID-19 conditions in pediatric populations.
Main Methods:
- A three-phase online Delphi process involving 120 experts across service delivery, research, and lived experience panels.
- A virtual consensus meeting to finalize statements, with input from a Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) Research Advisory Group of CYP aged 11-17 years.
Main Results:
- Five key statements met the threshold for inclusion in the research definition.
- The proposed definition requires a history of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, at least one persistent physical symptom for 12 weeks unexplained by other diagnoses, impacting daily functioning, and potentially fluctuating over time.
Conclusions:
- This study presents the first research definition for Long COVID in children and young people (CYP).
- The derived definition aligns with the WHO's clinical case definition for adults and enhances pediatric research consistency.
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