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Lactate during exercise at extreme altitude.

J B West

    Federation Proceedings
    |December 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    High-altitude exercise causes low blood lactate despite severe oxygen deprivation. This phenomenon, observed in climbers reaching extreme altitudes like Mount Everest, is linked to reduced buffering capacity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Altitude Medicine
    • Exercise Science

    Background:

    • Extreme altitude exposure leads to severe arterial hypoxemia and tissue hypoxia.
    • Despite hypoxemia, climbers have summited Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the paradoxical finding of low blood lactate levels during maximal exercise at extreme altitudes.
    • To explore the physiological mechanisms underlying reduced lactate accumulation at high altitude.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of existing data on arterial oxygen partial pressure (PO2) at extreme altitudes.
    • Review of studies on blood lactate and work capacity in acclimatized subjects at varying altitudes.
    • Extrapolation of data to estimate blood lactate levels at the Everest summit during exercise.

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    Main Results:

    • Resting arterial PO2 on Mount Everest is approximately 28 torr, decreasing further during exercise.
    • Blood lactate for a given work rate at high altitude is similar to sea level in acclimatized individuals.
    • Maximal blood lactate levels decrease with increasing altitude, with no expected increase at the Everest summit.

    Conclusions:

    • The cause of low blood lactate during high-altitude exercise remains unclear.
    • A potential mechanism involves depletion of plasma bicarbonate, impairing lactate buffering and potentially inhibiting glycolysis.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the metabolic responses to extreme altitude exercise.