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Post-enucleation socket syndrome-a novel pathophysiological definition.

Alexander C Rokohl1,2, Adam Kopecky3,4, Marc Trester5

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50924, Cologne, Germany. alexander.rokohl@uk-koeln.de.

Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
|April 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Post-enucleation socket syndrome (PESS) is redefined based on new evidence. This condition involves orbital tissue displacement and muscle retraction, not just fat atrophy, impacting ocular prosthesis use.

Keywords:
AnophthalmiaAnophthalmic socketEnucleationOcular prosthesesPost-enucleation socket syndromeProsthetic eye

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Ocularistry
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The current definition of post-enucleation socket syndrome (PESS) is nearly 40 years old and lacks insights from recent pathophysiological studies.
  • The existing definition primarily relies on clinical presentation, neglecting a deeper understanding of PESS mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize current knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms of PESS.
  • To propose a novel, comprehensive definition of PESS incorporating recent scientific findings.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review of PubMed was conducted.
  • The review focused on studies investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms of PESS.
  • Results were compiled to provide an overview of PESS knowledge.

Main Results:

  • Contrary to previous beliefs, studies show no orbital fat atrophy in PESS.
  • PESS involves rotatory displacement of orbital tissues and extraocular muscle retraction.
  • Potential orbital implant resorption (hydroxyapatite) and resulting clinical signs like enophthalmos and prosthetic intolerance are noted.

Conclusions:

  • A new definition of PESS is proposed, characterizing it as a multifactorial syndrome.
  • The syndrome results from rotatory displacement of orbital contents and extraocular muscle retraction.
  • Orbital implant resorption is a possible contributing factor in PESS.