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Halophytes increase rhizosphere microbial diversity, network complexity and function in inland saline ecosystem.

Liping Qiu1, Weibo Kong2, Hansong Zhu3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.

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Halophyte plants enhance soil microbial communities in saline areas. Their root zones show increased microbial diversity and activity, driven by stronger fungal and bacterial interactions, aiding ecosystem restoration.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Salinization is a global environmental issue affecting terrestrial ecosystems.
  • Halophytes are used to remediate saline soils, but their impact on microbial communities is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate bacterial and fungal diversity, composition, and co-occurrence networks in halophyte rhizospheres.
  • To correlate microbial community structure with microbial functions in a saline ecosystem.

Main Methods:

  • Examined bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizospheres of six halophytes and bulk soils.
  • Analyzed microbial diversity, composition, and co-occurrence networks.
  • Related microbial parameters to microbial functions like activity and residue.

Main Results:

  • Rhizosphere microbiomes were more diverse, complex, and had higher microbial activity and residues than bulk soils.
  • Rhizosphere microbial communities showed increased fungi-fungi and bacteria-fungi connections, with higher fungal diversity.
  • Fungal-related central connections were significantly higher in rhizospheres (13-73%) compared to bulk soils (3%).
  • Microbial activity and residues strongly correlated with microbial composition and network complexity.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced association between fungi and bacteria increases microbial co-occurring network complexity in halophyte rhizospheres.
  • This increased network complexity contributes to higher microbial functions, supporting halophytes' role in saline ecosystem remediation.