Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 28, 2025
Digital Hybrid Model Preparation for Virtual Planning of Reconstructive Dentoalveolar Surgical Procedures
Published on: August 5, 2021
Use of 3-D Models for Surgical Planning of a Malunion in a Dog
Norihiro Muroi1, Kiyohisa Fujii1, Masakazu Shimada1
1Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan.
Background:
An 8-year-old, 18.9 kg, male, intact Kai Ken with a femoral shaft fracture experienced recurrent implant breakage after two fracture reductions using an internal fixator.
Objectives:
This case report is aimed at using a three-dimensional (3-D) printer to diagnose residual femoral rotational deviation. Implant failures and malunion occurred after two attempts at synthesis. Thus, a 3-D model was designed for preoperative planning of a third surgery.
Methods:
To evaluate the alignment in the postoperative state after the second surgery, we removed a broken plate from the affected limb. Subsequently, a computed tomography image produced a bone replica using 3-D printing. The distal fragment was fixed and rotated externally by 42°. In addition to correcting the rotational deformity of the femur, we used an intramedullary pin and two locking plates to stabilize the proximal and distal femoral fracture segments.
Results:
The bone union was confirmed four months after surgery, and no postoperative complications were observed 11 months after surgery.
Conclusion:
3-D printing is a valuable tool that increases the accuracy of presurgical planning.
