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A Pan-Cancer Analysis on the Systematic Correlation of MutS Homolog 2 (MSH2) to a Malignant Tumor

Hai Yao1, Zhidong Cao1, Haochuan Yong1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400014, China.

Journal of Oncology
|April 4, 2022
PubMed

Insights

MutS homolog 2 (MSH2) is highly expressed in most cancers and impacts patient prognosis and immune cell infiltration. High MSH2 expression correlates with tumor immune neoantigens and microsatellite instability, suggesting its role in cancer progression and potential as a therapeutic target.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • MutS homolog 2 (MSH2) is vital for DNA repair and implicated in various cancers, initially studied in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC).
  • MSH2's role extends beyond DNA repair, influencing the development and progression of diverse tumor types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze MSH2 gene distribution across pan-cancer tissues using public databases.
  • To investigate the correlation between MSH2 expression, patient prognosis, immune infiltration, tumor immune neoantigens, and microsatellite instability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized GTEx, CCLE, and TCGA pan-cancer databases for gene expression analysis.
  • Performed Kaplan-Meier survival plots and COX regression analysis for prognostic assessment.
  • Examined associations between MSH2 expression and immune infiltration, neoantigens, and microsatellite instability.

Main Results:

  • High MSH2 expression is prevalent in the majority of investigated cancers.
  • MSH2 expression significantly correlates with immune cell infiltration in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), lower-grade glioma (LGG), breast-invasive carcinoma (BRCA), and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC).
  • MSH2 expression mirrors trends in tumor immune neoantigens and microsatellite instability, activating tumor and immune-associated pathways.

Conclusions:

  • MSH2 expression is a significant factor in cancer progression, influencing prognosis and immune microenvironment.
  • MSH2's association with immune infiltration and neoantigens highlights its potential role in immunotherapy response.
  • MSH2 may serve as an early screening biomarker and therapeutic target, particularly for sarcoma (SARC), improving patient survival.

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