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High-altitude exposure duration dependent global and regional gray matter volume decrease in healthy immigrants: a

Jie Feng1,2,3, Weiwei Men4,5, Xiao Yu1,2

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Acta Radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987)
|April 4, 2022
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Summary
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High-altitude exposure impacts brain structure, causing gray matter volume loss over time. Peripheral oxygen saturation did not correlate with these brain volume changes.

Keywords:
Braingray matterhypoxiamagnetic resonance imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Altitude Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • The effects of prolonged high-altitude (HA) exposure on brain structure and injury are not fully understood.
  • The relationship between duration of HA exposure, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and brain volume requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare global and regional brain volumes between HA immigrants and sea-level residents.
  • To examine the correlation between brain volume, duration of HA exposure, and SpO2.

Main Methods:

  • Structural MRI scans were analyzed in 33 HA immigrants and 33 sea-level residents.
  • Global brain volumes (GMV, WMV, BV, TIV) and regional gray matter differences were assessed.
  • Voxel-based morphology and statistical analyses (t-test, partial correlation) were employed.

Main Results:

  • HA immigrants exhibited larger white matter volume (WMV) and reduced gray matter volume (GMV) in specific regions (basal ganglia, limbic system, midbrain, vermis).
  • Global gray matter volume (GMV) and brain parenchyma volume (BV) showed a negative correlation with duration of HA exposure.
  • No significant correlation was found between brain volume and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2).

Conclusions:

  • Long-term high-altitude exposure significantly affects both global and regional brain volumes.
  • Gray matter volume loss demonstrates a time-dependent relationship with the duration of high-altitude exposure.