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Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
Published on: February 9, 2021
Urine Xanthine Crystals in Hematologic Malignancies with Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Shoko Ito1, Shin-Ichiro Fujiwara1,2, Tomoaki Yoshizawa3
1Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan.
Abstract:
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a metabolic disorder caused by massive tumor lysis. Hypouricemic agents are administered to prevent TLS-related hyperuricemia and renal failure. We experienced three cases of urine xanthine crystals during TLS in patients with hematologic malignancies who received prophylactic febuxostat. Yellowish and pinkish deposits were observed in urinary tract catheters and urinary bags. Urine microscopy revealed that the deposits were xanthine crystals. In rapid tumor lysis, inhibition of xanthine oxidase can cause xanthine accumulation and urine xanthine crystallization. During TLS, urine xanthine crystals may be overlooked, so careful observation and management are required to avoid xanthine nephropathy.
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