Tetracyclines Enhance Anti-tumor T-Cell Responses Induced by a Bispecific T-Cell Engager

Cancer immunotherapies are powerful therapeutic options for cancer patients. To enhance the therapeutic effects of cancer immunotherapies, we plan to develop novel immunostimulatory drugs for use in combination with cancer immunotherapy. In the present study, we focused on tetracyclines, the effects of which are controversial for immunotherapy. We examined the effects of tetracyclines on human T cells in the peripheral blood of healthy donors and the tumor tissues of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. By using bispecific T-cell engager technology to assess the cytotoxicity of peripheral T cells against tumor cells, we showed that tetracyclines (minocycline, tetracycline, doxycycline, meclocycline, chlortetracycline, and demeclocycline) enhanced T-cell cytotoxicity through granzyme B expression and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell proliferation. In analyses of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and lung tumor-infiltrated cells of NSCLC patients, we found that demeclocycline enhanced T-cell cytotoxicity not only in PBMCs, but also in lung tumor tissues. These results support the further application of tetracyclines to combination cancer immunotherapy.