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Redox Homeostasis in Cardiovascular Disease: The Role of Mitochondrial Sirtuins

Alberto Zullo1,2, Rosa Guida1, Rosaria Sciarrillo1

  • 1Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|April 4, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5) regulate oxidative stress, a key factor in cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathogenesis. Understanding their role offers potential for novel CVD therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading global cause of mortality.
  • Despite advances, CVD burden is increasing, necessitating deeper understanding of its pathogenesis.
  • Oxidative stress is a common feature in CVD and a potential therapeutic target.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5) in regulating oxidative stress.
  • To explore the connection between these sirtuins, energy metabolism, and CVD.
  • To highlight the potential of sirtuins as targets for novel CVD therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on mitochondrial sirtuins and oxidative stress.
  • Analysis of sirtuin functions in cellular processes, including antioxidant pathways.
  • Examination of sirtuin involvement in energy metabolism and atherosclerosis.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5) are crucial regulators of cellular oxidative balance.
  • These sirtuins influence energy production and antioxidant defense mechanisms.
  • Dysregulation of mitochondrial sirtuins is implicated in the pathogenesis of CVD.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial sirtuins play a significant role in controlling oxidative stress relevant to CVD.
  • Targeting mitochondrial sirtuins may offer a promising strategy for developing new CVD treatments.
  • Further research into sirtuin activity is essential for advancing cardiovascular medicine.

Keywords:
ROScardiovascular diseaseenergy metabolismmitochondriasirtuins

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