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Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
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Stem Cell Therapy for Thyroid Diseases: Progress and Challenges.

Sunyi Ye1, Zhu Lixian Zhu1

  • 1Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Current Therapeutic Research, Clinical and Experimental
|April 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cell therapy shows promise for treating thyroid disorders like thyroiditis and cancer. Research highlights the regenerative and anti-inflammatory potential of various stem cell types for thyroid health.

Keywords:
Autoimmune thyroid disorderStem cellsThyroid diseasesThyroid dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones are crucial for development and homeostasis.
  • Thyroid diseases, such as thyroiditis and cancer, disrupt normal hormone secretion and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the therapeutic applications of stem cells in treating various thyroid diseases.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed on Medline and PubMed.
  • The search focused on studies published between January 2000 and July 2021.
  • Recent reports on stem cell therapy for thyroid diseases were identified.

Main Results:

  • Stem cells, including embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, organ resident stem cells, and cancer stem cells, possess regenerative capabilities.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties.
  • These stem cell types play roles in forming organ-specific cells and cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cells offer therapeutic potential for thyroid disorders, including regeneration, function modulation, and suppression of thyroiditis.
  • Specific stem cell types like mesenchymal stem cells show promise for anti-cancer effects in thyroid conditions.
  • Stem cell therapy represents a promising avenue for managing thyroid diseases.