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Determinants for Perinatal Mortality in South China: A Prospective Cohort Study
Yiping Liu1, Qiongxuan Li1, Tingting Wang1,2
1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Frontiers in Pediatrics
|April 4, 2022
Summary
Maternal obesity, gestational hypertension, and diabetes significantly increase perinatal mortality risk. Conversely, being an ethnic minority or having a cesarean section may reduce this risk.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Perinatal mortality remains a significant global health concern.
- Identifying risk factors is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
- South China presents a unique demographic and healthcare landscape for perinatal mortality research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between maternal and fetal characteristics and perinatal mortality risk.
- To analyze sociodemographic, lifestyle, and pregnancy complication factors influencing perinatal death.
- To provide evidence for improving perinatal care in South China.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study conducted from March 2013 to December 2019.
- Inclusion of 44,048 eligible pregnant women.
- Analysis of maternal sociodemographic data, early pregnancy habits, and pregnancy complications.
Main Results:
- Perinatal mortality rate was 13.5 per 1,000 births (596 cases).
- Risk factors for perinatal death included maternal obesity, employment, gestational hypertension, antidepressant use, gestational diabetes mellitus, infertility treatments, previous neonatal death, preterm birth, and congenital malformations.
- Protective factors included belonging to an ethnic minority, income > 5,000, multiparity, and cesarean section.
Conclusions:
- Maternal sociodemographic factors, pregnancy history, lifestyle, and complications are significantly associated with perinatal mortality risk.
- Specific factors like maternal obesity and gestational diabetes elevate risk, while factors like multiparity and cesarean delivery may offer protection.
- Findings underscore the need for tailored strategies to mitigate perinatal mortality based on identified risk and protective factors.
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