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A Patient-Level Data Meta-analysis of the Abscopal Effect
Steven J Hatten1, Eric J Lehrer2, Jenn Liao1
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
The abscopal effect, where local therapy shrinks distant tumors, is often seen after radiation. However, this review found no predictors for response duration or survival in patients experiencing this phenomenon.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- The abscopal effect is a rare phenomenon where local cancer treatment induces regression of untreated tumors.
- Understanding predictors of response duration and survival is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review cases of the abscopal effect.
- To perform a patient-level data analysis to identify clinical predictors of response duration and survival.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review using PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines, searching MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar.
- Inclusion of retrospective case reports of patients with abscopal response.
- Univariate and multivariate analyses of survival outcomes.
Main Results:
- Fifty-five patients from 50 studies were analyzed, with 98% receiving radiation therapy.
- Median time to abscopal response was 4 months.
- Five-year overall survival was 63%, and distant progression-free survival was 45%.
Conclusions:
- The abscopal effect is predominantly observed following radiation therapy.
- Currently, no clinical variables have demonstrated statistical significance in predicting response duration or survival in patients experiencing the abscopal effect.
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