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Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

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Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
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Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer
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Domain size control in all-polymer solar cells.

Jiangang Liu1, Yukai Yin1, Kang Wang1

  • 1Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.

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|April 4, 2022
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Controlling domain size in all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) is key for performance. A new method enables separate crystallization of donor and acceptor materials, improving efficiency to 7.59% and guiding future all-PSC design.

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Energy materialsPolymer chemistryPolymers

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Device performance in all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) is highly dependent on the nanoscale morphology, specifically the domain size.
  • Achieving controlled domain sizes in highly crystalline polymer blends is challenging due to simultaneous crystallization of donor and acceptor components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for independent crystallization of donor and acceptor materials in all-PSCs.
  • To establish a relationship between pre-aggregation and domain size for precise morphological control.
  • To enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all-PSCs through optimized morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a combination of solution state processing and confined crystallization to induce sequential crystallization of PBDB-T and N2200 polymer blend.
  • Investigated the crystallization behavior during film formation and thermal annealing stages.
  • Analyzed the resulting film morphology and its impact on device performance.

Main Results:

  • Achieved separate crystallization of N2200 and PBDB-T, leading to a lower driving force for phase separation while maintaining high crystallinity.
  • Obtained an interpenetrating network morphology with controlled domain size.
  • Demonstrated a significant increase in power conversion efficiency to 7.59% for the all-PSCs.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed strategy effectively controls the domain size in all-PSCs by decoupling the crystallization processes of the donor and acceptor.
  • The established correlation between pre-aggregation and domain size offers a valuable guideline for optimizing active layer morphology.
  • This approach holds promise for advancing the performance and design of future all-polymer solar cells.