Beta-2 Microglobulin Amyloidosis: Past, Present, and Future

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Biomedical Science

Background:

• Dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) results from beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) accumulation.
• Advances in renal replacement therapy (RRT) have reduced DRA incidence.
• Despite RRT improvements, kidney transplantation access is limited for some patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the current status and future trends of dialysis-related amyloidosis.
• To highlight the need for improved quality of life for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).

Main Methods:

• Literature review and analysis of epidemiological trends in DRA.
• Examination of treatment options for improving B2M clearance in ESKD patients.

Main Results:

• DRA incidence has decreased globally due to RRT advancements.
• A potential increase in DRA interventions is predicted due to rising ESKD prevalence and limited transplant access.
• Japan shows a rising trend in surgeries for carpal tunnel syndrome, a DRA manifestation.

Conclusions:

• While DRA is less common, it remains a concern for a growing ESKD population.
• Strategies to translate improved B2M clearance into enhanced patient quality of life are crucial.
• Further research is needed to optimize management and improve outcomes for long-term dialysis patients at risk of DRA.