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Clinical features and prognostic analysis of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children

Ting Deng1,2, Xinyu Zhang1, Xiaoling Peng3

  • 1Department of Neurology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
|April 4, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in children often results from renal or hematological disorders and hypertension. While most pediatric PRES cases show good prognosis, MRI severity and hospital stay length are key risk factors for adverse outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) is a neurological condition affecting children.
  • Understanding its clinical features and prognosis is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics of pediatric PRES.
  • To determine the prognostic factors influencing outcomes in children with PRES.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 47 children diagnosed with PRES.
  • Data collected from June 2015 to May 2019 at a children's hospital.
  • Follow-up assessment using the modified Rankin Scale.

Main Results:

  • Common PRES causes included renal disorders (62%), hematological diseases (28%), and hypertension (11%).
  • Seizures (91%), hypertension (98%), and parietal-occipital lobe involvement on MRI (89%) were frequent findings.
  • Most patients (87%) showed symptom relief within 1-2 weeks; however, 32% experienced adverse outcomes, including epilepsy and mental decline.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric PRES is a syndrome with diverse etiologies and characteristic clinical and radiographic features.
  • While many children recover well, MRI severity and prolonged hospital stay are independent predictors of poor outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
childrenclinical featureposterior reversible encephalopathy syndromeprognosis

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