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Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

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Updated: Sep 28, 2025

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Design of a Vaccine Passport Validation System Using Blockchain-based Architecture: Development Study.

Hsiu An Lee1,2, Wei-Chen Wu3, Hsin-Hua Kung1,2

  • 1National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
|April 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A blockchain-based vaccine passport system offers a secure and verifiable solution for international COVID-19 vaccination records. This decentralized approach combats counterfeit documents and ensures data accuracy for global health initiatives.

Keywords:
COVID-19Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resourceblockchaincertificationglobal border controlhealth policyinternational infectious disease strategypolicyprivacysecuritystrategytestingvaccinevaccine passportverification

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Area of Science:

  • Health Informatics
  • Blockchain Technology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for reliable vaccination verification.
  • Current paper-based systems are susceptible to counterfeiting and lack global interoperability.
  • A secure and universally accepted method for validating vaccination status is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design a blockchain-based vaccine passport (VP) validation system for international use.
  • To leverage blockchain's decentralized nature for a cost-effective, secure, and verifiable system.
  • To address the challenge of counterfeit vaccination documents.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an open, anti-counterfeiting platform using blockchain decentralized mechanisms.
  • Utilized Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR) standards for recording vaccination data.
  • Implemented blockchain smart contracts for hierarchical management, authorization, and authentication.
  • Employed a Proof-of-Authority (PoA) public chain for secure data access and management.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a proof of concept for a global VP verification system.
  • Achieved transparency and data accuracy through blockchain's open ledger.
  • Ensured data protection via encryption/decryption and user-managed private keys.
  • Successfully established an actual VP case with an international standard vaccination record.

Conclusions:

  • Blockchain architecture provides a viable international VP authentication process.
  • The system offers advantages including low cost, high interoperability, effectiveness, security, and verifiability.
  • This approach can streamline vaccine transit management and facilitate international travel.