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Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Exergaming in Older People Living with HIV Improves Balance, Mobility and Ameliorates Some Aspects of Frailty
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Longitudinal association between cardiometabolic comorbidities and physical activity in middle aged and older adults

Norberto Quiles1, Anoop T Balachandran1, Alexis Ortiz2

  • 1Department of Family Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA.

Experimental Gerontology
|April 4, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Cardiometabolic conditions like obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia are linked to reduced physical activity in people with HIV. This decline in activity may increase risks for heart disease and mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Disease Research

Background:

  • Cardiometabolic comorbidities are prevalent in people living with HIV (PLWH).
  • Lower physical activity (PA) is associated with these comorbidities in PLWH.
  • The longitudinal relationship between cardiometabolic comorbidities and PA in PLWH remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal association between cardiometabolic comorbidities and physical activity levels in people living with HIV.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 164 people living with HIV in New York City with complete data from December 2016 to October 2020 were analyzed.
  • Physical activity was measured using the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (MLTPAQ) for energy expenditure.
  • Cardiometabolic status was assessed via BMI, waist circumference, physician-diagnosed diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and HbA1c levels.
  • Linear mixed-effects models were employed to determine longitudinal associations.

Main Results:

  • Higher BMI and obesity were significantly associated with lower weekly physical activity (p < .05).
  • Increased mid-waist and umbilical circumference correlated with reduced physical activity (p < .05).
  • Diagnosed hyperlipidemia (p < .01), diabetes (p < .05), and elevated HbA1c (p < .05) were all linked to lower physical activity levels.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiometabolic comorbidities negatively impact physical activity participation in people living with HIV.
  • Reduced physical activity in this population may exacerbate risks for cardiovascular disease and mortality.
Abstract

Keywords:
Body compositionExerciseGlucoseLipids

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