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Demographic, clinical and etiological profile of pericardial effusion in India: A single centre experience

Akshyaya Pradhan1, Pravesh Vishwakarma1, Monika Bhandari1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, King George's Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India.

The Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
|April 5, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of pericardial effusion (PE) in India, despite advancements in healthcare. However, increasing rates of hypothyroid and malignant PE suggest evolving etiological trends, mirroring Western patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Pericardial effusion (PE) is a critical condition with limited etiological studies in India.
  • This study addresses the need for data on PE causes within the Indian population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the etiological factors of pericardial effusion.
  • To analyze demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with PE in India.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of 55 patients with moderate to large PE.
  • Echocardiography-guided percutaneous pericardiocentesis performed between January and December 2018.

Main Results:

  • Tuberculosis was the predominant cause (63.64%), followed by hypothyroidism (10.9%) and malignancies (7.27%).
  • Tamponade was present in 94.54% of patients; 12.72% had recurrent PE.
  • No complications or deaths occurred during pericardiocentesis.

Conclusions:

  • Tuberculosis is the primary cause of pericardial effusion in India.
  • Rising incidence of hypothyroid and malignant PE indicates shifting etiological trends.
  • Pericardial disease and effusion significantly contribute to morbidity in India.
Abstract

Keywords:
EchocardiographyEtiologyPericardial effusionPericardiocentesis

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