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Author Spotlight: A Pseudotype Virus System for Assessing Omicron Subvariants and Neutralizing Antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 Research
Published on: September 8, 2023
Neutralizing activity of BBIBP-CorV vaccine-elicited sera against Beta, Delta and other SARS-CoV-2 variants of
Xiaoqi Yu1, Dong Wei1, Wenxin Xu1
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Abstract:
The global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in the generation of variants that may diminish host immune responses to vaccine formulations. Here we show a registered observational clinical trial (NCT04795414), we assess the safety and immunogenicity of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BBIBP-CorV in a cohort of 1006 vaccine recipients. No serious adverse events are observed during the term of the study. Detectable virus-specific antibody is measured and determined to be neutralizing in 698/760 (91.84%) vaccine recipients on day 28 post second vaccine dose and in 220/581 (37.87%) vaccine recipients on day 180 post second vaccine dose, whereas vaccine-elicited sera show varying degrees of reduction in neutralization against a range of key SARS-CoV-2 variants, including variant Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Iota, and Delta. Our work show diminished neutralization potency against multiple variants in vaccine-elicited sera, which indicates the potential need for additional boost vaccinations.
Insights
The inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BBIBP-CorV showed good safety. Neutralizing antibodies decreased over time and against variants, suggesting potential need for booster vaccinations.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Virology
Background:
- The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants poses a challenge to vaccine efficacy.
- Assessing the long-term immunogenicity and variant neutralization of existing vaccines is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BBIBP-CorV.
- To assess the neutralizing antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 variants over time.
Main Methods:
- An observational clinical trial (NCT04795414) involving 1006 vaccine recipients.
- Monitoring for serious adverse events.
- Measuring virus-specific neutralizing antibodies at 28 and 180 days post-vaccination.
- Testing sera neutralization against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Iota, Delta).
Main Results:
- The BBIBP-CorV vaccine demonstrated a favorable safety profile with no serious adverse events.
- High rates of neutralizing antibodies were observed 28 days post-second dose (91.84%).
- Antibody neutralization significantly decreased by 180 days (37.87%) and showed reduced potency against key SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Conclusions:
- The BBIBP-CorV vaccine is safe and elicits an initial neutralizing antibody response.
- Diminished neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants and waning immunity suggest the need for booster vaccinations.
- Further research into variant-specific vaccine efficacy and booster strategies is warranted.
