Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Difference from Background: Limit of Detection01:05

Difference from Background: Limit of Detection

7.2K
The limit of detection (LOD) is the smallest amount of analyte that can be distinguished from the background noise. The LOD value corresponds to the concentration at which the analyte signal is three times larger than the standard deviation of the blank signal. Below this value, the analyte signal cannot be differentiated from the background noise. It is calculated by dividing the calibration slope by 3 times the standard deviation of the blank signals.
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...
7.2K
Significance Testing: Overview01:04

Significance Testing: Overview

4.0K
Significance testing is a set of statistical methods used to test whether a claim about a parameter is valid. In analytical chemistry, significance testing is used primarily to determine whether the difference between two values comes from determinate or random errors. The effect of a particular change in the measurement protocol, analyst, or sample itself can cause a deviation from the expected result. In the case of a suspected deviation/outlier, we need to be able to confirm mathematically...
4.0K
Multiple Comparison Tests01:13

Multiple Comparison Tests

4.0K
Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
4.0K
Testing a Claim about Standard Deviation01:19

Testing a Claim about Standard Deviation

2.5K
A complete procedure to test a claim about population standard deviation or population variance is explained here.
The hypothesis testing for the claim of population standard deviation (or variance) requires the data and samples to be random and unbiased. The population distribution also must be normal. There is no specific requirement on the sample size as the estimation is based on the chi-square distribution.
As a first step, the hypothesis (null and alternative) concerning the claim about...
2.5K
Bonferroni Test01:10

Bonferroni Test

2.9K
The Bonferroni test is a statistical test named after Carlo Emilio Bonferroni, an Italian mathematician best known for Bonferroni inequalities. This statistical test is a type of multiple comparison test to determine which means are different than the rest. Bonferroni test can minimize the Type 1 error by reducing the significance level alpha, which otherwise increases with sample pairs.
The means of different samples are first paired in all possible combinations.
The null hypothesis of the...
2.9K
Behrens–Fisher Test00:57

Behrens–Fisher Test

143
The Behrens-Fisher test is a statistical method designed to address the Behrens-Fisher problem, which arises when comparing the means of two normally distributed populations with unequal variances. Unlike the Student's t-test, which assumes equal variances, the Behrens-Fisher test allows for mean comparison without this restrictive assumption. This flexibility makes it particularly valuable in scenarios where two independent samples exhibit normality but lack variance homogeneity.
This test...
143

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Experience with Percutaneous Placement of an Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump in the Left Axillary Artery as a Bridge to Heart Transplantation: A Case Series].

Revista medica de Chile·2026
Same author

Quality of reporting of systematic reviews with meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy of rapid antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2 according to PRISMA-DTA: A meta-epidemiological survey.

Medwave·2026
Same author

Integrating Planetary Health in Health Guidelines (GRADE Guidance 46).

Annals of internal medicine·2026
Same author

Limited consensus in expert opinions on studies evaluating the design, conduct, analysis, or reporting of health research: a survey study.

Journal of clinical epidemiology·2026
Same author

Intermittent fasting for adults with overweight or obesity.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2026
Same author

Impact of matrix-construction assumptions on quantitative overlap assessment in overviews: A meta-research study.

Research synthesis methods·2026
Same journal

Exploratory study to identify facilitators and barriers for implementing a multiplatform communication app for prehospital screening and transfer follow-up in acute stroke.

Medwave·2026
Same journal

Mechanistic analysis of COVID-19 cases in Chile during the second half of 2020: an SIR model with dynamic transmission rate.

Medwave·2026
Same journal

[Abstracts of the4th International Congress on Advances in Nursing and Research. Ambato, Ecuador; May 6-10, 2024].

Medwave·2026
Same journal

Persistent elevated thyroglobulin revealing Struma ovarii in a patient treated for papillary thyroid carcinoma: A case report.

Medwave·2026
Same journal

Why is it essential to teach clinical interviewing in psychiatric training? Proposal for a course implemented at the Universidad de Valparaíso.

Medwave·2026
Same journal

Effects of manual therapy on pain and function in patients with plantar fasciitis: A systematic review of the literature.

Medwave·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Standardized Measurement of Nasal Membrane Transepithelial Potential Difference NPD
09:47

Standardized Measurement of Nasal Membrane Transepithelial Potential Difference NPD

Published on: September 13, 2018

16.6K

Minimal clinically important difference: The basics.

Julieta Aldana Salas Apaza1, Juan Víctor Ariel Franco2, Nicolás Meza3

  • 1Universidad Nacional de La Matanza, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ORCID: 0000-0002-3956-0617.

Medwave
|April 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) is the smallest patient-perceived beneficial change. Understanding MCID is crucial for clinical research and evidence synthesis, guiding treatment decisions.

Keywords:
Evidence-Based PracticeGRADE ApproachMinimal Clinically Important DifferencePatient Reported Outcome MeasuresSystematic Reviews as TopicEvidence-Based Medicine

More Related Videos

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose MED Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response
06:31

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose MED Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Published on: October 3, 2019

8.8K
Nasal Potential Difference to Quantify Trans-epithelial Ion Transport in Mice
08:55

Nasal Potential Difference to Quantify Trans-epithelial Ion Transport in Mice

Published on: July 4, 2018

7.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Standardized Measurement of Nasal Membrane Transepithelial Potential Difference NPD
09:47

Standardized Measurement of Nasal Membrane Transepithelial Potential Difference NPD

Published on: September 13, 2018

16.6K
Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose MED Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response
06:31

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose MED Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Published on: October 3, 2019

8.8K
Nasal Potential Difference to Quantify Trans-epithelial Ion Transport in Mice
08:55

Nasal Potential Difference to Quantify Trans-epithelial Ion Transport in Mice

Published on: July 4, 2018

7.9K

Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Clinical Epidemiology
  • Health Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Methodological series focusing on biostatistics and clinical epidemiology.
  • Need for clear definitions and applications of key clinical research concepts.
  • Importance of patient-centered outcomes in evaluating treatment efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present fundamental concepts of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID).
  • To explain the application of MCID in clinical research and evidence synthesis.
  • To highlight the significance of patient perception in defining meaningful treatment effects.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review methodology.
  • Synthesis of existing literature on biostatistics and clinical epidemiology.
  • Conceptual exploration of the minimal clinically important difference.

Main Results:

  • Defined minimal clinically important difference as the smallest score change perceived as beneficial by patients.
  • Emphasized the link between the magnitude of change and clinical treatment decisions.
  • Acknowledged patient perception variability due to factors like time, place, and health status.

Conclusions:

  • The minimal clinically important difference is a vital concept for bridging statistical significance and clinical relevance.
  • MCID underscores the patient's perspective as paramount in assessing treatment outcomes.
  • Variability in patient perception necessitates careful consideration when applying MCID in research and practice.