Acute myeloid leukemia presenting in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient

We report a case of AML in a 29-year-old HIV-positive female on anti-retroviral therapy. She presented with bicytopenia, fever and easy fatiquability. Bone marrow examination revealed 77% blasts, which on flow cytometric immunophenotyping showed positivity for myeloid lineage markers and were negative for monocytic and lymphoid lineage markers. Although rare, AML is seen in HIV patients, therefore, in presence of persistent cytopenias, detailed hematological evaluation should be done so as to not miss/delay the AML diagnosis.