Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 28, 2025
Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
Published on: September 16, 2025
Repeatability of i.Profiler for measuring wavefront aberrations in healthy eyes
Xuan Liao1,2, Mei-Jie Wang2, Qing-Qing Tan1,2
1Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1 Mao Yuan South Road, Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
Purpose:
To evaluate the repeatability of wavefront aberration measurements and the correlation between corneal aberration and pupil size in normal eyes using a wavefront-based autorefractor (i.ProfilerPlus; Carl Zeiss Vision, Germany).
Methods:
A prospective cross-sectional study. Wavefront aberrations, including spherical aberration (SA) (Z40), coma (Z3-1, Z31), trefoil (Z3-3, Z33) and total higher-order aberrations (tHOA), were measured at different pupil diameters. The repeatability was evaluated using one-way ANOVA method, and statistical indicators including within-subject standard deviation (Sw), test-retest repeatability (TRT), and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). The correlations between corneal aberrations and pupil sizes were evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis.
Results:
A total of 96 healthy young volunteers were enrolled. Corneal and ocular higher-order aberrations (HOA) measured by i.Profiler showed Sw < 0.01 μm, TRT < 0.10 μm, ICC > 0.90. There was a linear positive correlation between the corneal HOA and pupil size. The correlation coefficient between SA and tHOA was the largest (r = 0.996, P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
The measurements of wavefront aberrations by i.Profiler are highly repeatable. Corneal HOA was significantly dependent on pupil size. SA was the most influential aberration for visual quality in this study.
