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Successful Management of Limbal Dermoid in Infancy and Childhood: A Case Series
1College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU.
Insights
This study reports on managing limbal dermoids in children. Early surgical intervention and amblyopia treatment are crucial for visually significant cases to prevent vision loss.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Ophthalmology
- Ocular Oncology
Background:
- Limbal dermoids are congenital choristomas that can impact vision and cosmesis.
- Management strategies vary based on size, location, and associated ocular or systemic conditions.
Observation:
- A case series of five infants and children with limbal dermoids.
- One patient presented with Oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia (Goldenhar syndrome), exhibiting multiple anomalies.
- Other patients had isolated limbal dermoids.
Findings:
- Limbal dermoids can induce astigmatism, potentially leading to amblyopia in children.
- Surgical excision is recommended for visually significant or cosmetically concerning lesions.
- Aggressive amblyopia treatment, including patching and glasses, is essential post-surgery.
Implications:
- Timely surgical intervention and comprehensive amblyopia management can preserve visual function.
- Early diagnosis and management are critical for children with limbal dermoids, especially those with syndromic associations.
- This case series highlights the importance of a tailored approach to limbal dermoid treatment.
Abstract:
This is a case series study that reported the management outcomes of five cases of limbal dermoid that were managed during infancy and childhood. Oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia or Goldenhar syndrome was present in one of the infants treated. Limbal dermoid, preauricular skin appendages, Duane's disease, tetralogy of Fallot, and sacral agenesis were all present. The limbal dermoid was the only finding in the other patients. Although some limbal dermoid didn't affect the vision, others can affect the vision by inducing astigmatism leading to amblyopia in children. In addition to cosmetic reasons, visually significant limbal dermoid should be surgically excised and followed by aggressive amblyopia treatment. Patching and glasses are the mainstays of treatment. Timing and method of intervention depend on the size and location.
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