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Primary Splenic Epidermoid Cyst: A Case Report.

TKeyah T Gray¹, Vijaykumar Patel², Megan Timpone²

¹General Surgery, Ross University School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.

|April 6, 2022

Summary

Primary splenic epidermal cysts are rare, often incidental findings. This case highlights a symptomatic splenic cyst presenting as a mass, emphasizing diagnostic and management considerations for these unusual splenic lesions.

Keywords:

minimally invasive surgery open versus laparoscopic percutaneous drainage primary splenic epidermoid cyst splenectomy

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Surgical Pathology
Abdominal Imaging

Background:

Splenic cysts are rare, with primary epidermal cysts (Type I) being particularly uncommon.
These lesions are typically asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during imaging for other conditions.

Observation:

A case of a symptomatic primary splenic epidermal cyst presenting as a left upper quadrant mass.
Symptoms included sharp pain, early satiety, and constipation, deviating from the usual incidental finding.
The cyst's large size posed management challenges, necessitating a complex surgical approach.

Findings:

The report reviews splenic cyst classification, focusing on Type I cysts and their etiology.
Surgical management options for splenic cysts are discussed, noting historical controversies and current indications for splenectomy.
Percutaneous drainage is explored as a potential temporizing measure for large splenic cysts prior to definitive treatment.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering symptomatic splenic cysts in the differential diagnosis of left upper quadrant masses.
The successful, albeit complex, management highlights the need for tailored surgical strategies in managing large or symptomatic splenic lesions.
Further research into optimal management pathways for symptomatic splenic cysts is warranted to refine treatment protocols.