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Multicomponent Droplet Drying Modeling Based on Conservation and Population Balance Equations.

Sadegh Poozesh1, Faisal Algasem2, Mohammad A Azad3

  • 1Mechanical Engineering Department, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, 36088, USA. sadegh.poozesh@gmail.com.

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Summary

This study presents a model for droplet drying, revealing that shell formation and particle structure depend on droplet size and internal flow dynamics. This understanding aids in optimizing spray drying for better product quality.

Keywords:
amorphous solid dispersiondrying kineticsmathematical modelingmulticomponent dropletparticle engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Droplet drying is crucial for producing powders with specific properties.
  • Understanding the complex physical and chemical changes during drying is essential for process control.
  • Existing models often simplify the intricate phenomena occurring within multicomponent droplets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a computational model for predicting drying kinetics and phase behavior of multicomponent droplets.
  • To investigate the influence of droplet size and internal transport phenomena on particle formation.
  • To correlate model predictions with experimental data from spray-dried particles.

Main Methods:

  • Coupling conservation equations with population balance equations (PBE) for multicomponent droplet modeling.
  • Validating the model using data from single salt-water droplet drying.
  • Extending the model to complex systems containing solvents, active ingredients, and excipients.
  • Comparing model predictions with Focused-Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM) imaging of spray-dried particles.

Main Results:

  • Model accurately predicts trends for single salt-water droplet drying.
  • FIB-SEM results align with model predictions for multicomponent systems.
  • Intermittent shell formation is influenced by competing transport phenomena (solute diffusion, solvent efflux, intra-drop flow).
  • Larger droplets exhibit more pronounced internal effects, impacting final particle structure and heterogeneity.
  • Particle phase behavior and physical characteristics are functions of the initial atomized droplet size.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model provides insights into the complex drying behavior of multicomponent droplets.
  • Droplet size is a critical parameter influencing shell formation dynamics and particle morphology.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can lead to optimized spray drying processes and improved product quality control.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering internal fluid dynamics and transport phenomena in drying models.