Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

A Familial Hypercholesterolemia Human Liver Chimeric Mouse Model Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Hepatocytes
10:56

A Familial Hypercholesterolemia Human Liver Chimeric Mouse Model Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Hepatocytes

Published on: September 15, 2018

8.2K

Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Lipoprotein(a): Two Partners in Crime?

Rodrigo Alonso1,2, Rosa Argüeso3, Pilar Álvarez-Baños4

  • 1Center for Advanced Metabolic Medicine and Nutrition, Av. Las Condes 9460, of 501. , Santiago, Chile. rodrigoalonsok@gmail.com.

Current Atherosclerosis Reports
|April 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Familial hypercholesterolemia significantly increases cardiovascular risk, especially when combined with high lipoprotein(a) levels. Measuring lipoprotein(a) helps identify high-risk individuals needing intensified treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder causing high cholesterol and increased cardiovascular risk.
  • Elevated lipoprotein(a) [LPA] is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and aortic valve stenosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of lipoprotein(a) in cardiovascular risk and aortic valve stenosis within the context of familial hypercholesterolemia.
  • To explore the association between lipoprotein(a) and FH phenotype.
  • To discuss strategies for identifying high-risk individuals with both conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies investigating lipoprotein(a) in familial hypercholesterolemia.
  • Analysis of existing data on cardiovascular outcomes, aortic valve stenosis, and genetic variants related to LPA.
  • Evaluation of current screening and management guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Patients with FH often have higher LPA levels due to increased frequency of LPA variants.
  • The coexistence of FH and high LPA doubles cardiovascular risk.
  • High LPA is associated with increased risk of aortic valve stenosis and the need for valve replacement.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated LPA significantly exacerbates cardiovascular risk in familial hypercholesterolemia patients.
  • Measuring LPA during FH cascade screening is crucial for identifying high-risk individuals.
  • Early identification allows for intensified LDL-cholesterol reduction pending LPA-specific therapies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Aortic valve stenosisAtherosclerotic cardiovascular riskCascade screeningFamilial hypercholesterolemiaLipoprotein(a)

More Related Videos

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

9.4K
Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation06:47

Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation

Published on: January 28, 2021

11.6K

Related Concept Videos

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
720
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
311
Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
1.1K
Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
925
Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
2.8K
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
132