Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

Sensory Functions of the Skin

6.1K
The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
6.1K
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

4.4K
Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
4.4K
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

3.9K
Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen...
3.9K
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles01:16

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles

3.0K
Hair and hair follicles are integral components of the integumentary system. Hair is a filamentous structure composed mainly of a protein called keratin. It is found on the surface of the skin throughout the body, except for areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Hair is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. It is primarily made of dead, keratinized cells. Hair strands originate at the epidermal penetration called the hair follicle. The hair shaft is the part...
3.0K
Introduction to the Integumentary System01:25

Introduction to the Integumentary System

10.7K
The integumentary system is the organ system that comprises the skin and its associated structures. It is the largest system in the human body and plays a crucial role in protecting and maintaining homeostasis. The integumentary system serves several functions including protection, regulation, sensation, and secretion.
The skin, which is the primary organ of the integumentary system, consists of three main layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue). The epidermis is the...
10.7K
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

4.8K
Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
4.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Immunonutrition in Early Life: The Role of Complementary Feeding, Dietary Patterns, and Nutritional Exposures on the Health of Young Children-An EAACI Scoping Review.

Allergy·2026
Same author

Nutritional, growth, and microbiome implications of oral immunotherapy: Unintended consequences and clinical considerations.

Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology·2026
Same author

Association of tricuspid regurgitation with clinical events and quality of life after surgery for severe ischemic mitral regurgitation.

JTCVS structural and endovascular·2026
Same author

Iron Physiology and Its Impact on Atopic Diseases: An EAACI Taskforce Report.

Allergy·2026
Same author

A 21-Practice Evaluation of an Asthma and COPD Quality Improvement Program.

Journal of asthma and allergy·2025
Same author

Mindset in food immunotherapy.

Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Cheek Injection Model for Simultaneous Measurement of Pain and Itch-related Behaviors
04:59

Cheek Injection Model for Simultaneous Measurement of Pain and Itch-related Behaviors

Published on: September 27, 2019

12.4K

Itch Beyond the Skin-Mucosal Itch.

Olivia J Ly Lesslar1,2, Peter K Smith3

  • 1LifeSpan Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Frontiers in Allergy
|April 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Itch is more than a skin sensation; it affects mucosal and junctional areas too. Understanding these diverse itch patterns can improve clinical treatments for conditions like nasal and anal itch.

Keywords:
TRP channelsallergyhypersensitivityitchmucosaneurophysiologypruritus

More Related Videos

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

24.6K
Intra-tracheal Administration of Haemophilus influenzae in Mouse Models to Study Airway Inflammation
09:56

Intra-tracheal Administration of Haemophilus influenzae in Mouse Models to Study Airway Inflammation

Published on: March 2, 2016

10.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Cheek Injection Model for Simultaneous Measurement of Pain and Itch-related Behaviors
04:59

Cheek Injection Model for Simultaneous Measurement of Pain and Itch-related Behaviors

Published on: September 27, 2019

12.4K
Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

24.6K
Intra-tracheal Administration of Haemophilus influenzae in Mouse Models to Study Airway Inflammation
09:56

Intra-tracheal Administration of Haemophilus influenzae in Mouse Models to Study Airway Inflammation

Published on: March 2, 2016

10.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Dermatology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Itch is a complex nociceptive sensation involving reflexes and cognitive-motor actions.
  • Traditionally, itch is associated with skin conditions, but its occurrence at mucosal and junctional sites is less understood.
  • These sites, crucial for defense, are rich in sensory nerves and inflammatory cells, suggesting unique itch mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To broaden the understanding of itch beyond the skin.
  • To explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying itch at specific mucosal and junctional sites.
  • To review clinical patterns and unique treatments for diverse itch conditions.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on itch mechanisms.
  • It highlights specific itch patterns including nasal, oral, auricular, vulvovaginal, anal, and perineal itch.
  • The review examines underlying pathophysiology, clinical presentations, and therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Itch is an ancient, evolutionarily conserved reflex with distinct characteristics at different body sites.
  • Mucosal and junctional sites exhibit unique physiological processes contributing to itch.
  • Recognizing these differences is key to improved clinical management.

Conclusions:

  • Itch is a multifaceted sensation extending beyond the skin to mucosal and junctional areas.
  • Further research into site-specific itch mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
  • A comprehensive understanding of diverse itch patterns can lead to better patient outcomes.