Pd/MIL-100(Fe) as hydrogen activator for Fe^III/Fe^II cycle: Fenton removal of sulfamethazine

Masses of iron sludge generated from engineering practice of classic Fenton reaction constraints its further promotion. Accelerating the Fe^III/Fe^II cycle may be conducive to reducing the initial ferrous slat dosage and the final iron sludge. Based on the reduction of Pd/MIL-100(Fe)-activated hydrogen, an improved Fenton system named MHACF-MIL-100(Fe) was developed at ambient temperature and pressure. 97.8% of sulfamethazine, the target pollutant in this work, could be degraded in 5 min under the conditions of 20 mM H₂O₂, 25 μM ferrous chloride, initial pH 3.0, 2 g·L^-1 composite catalyst Pd/MIL-100(Fe) and hydrogen gas 60 mL·min^-1. Combining density functional theory (DFT) calculation and intermediate detection, the degradation of this antibiotic was inferred to start from the cleavage of N-S bond. The catalytic of Pd/MIL-100(Fe), demonstrated by the removal efficiency of SMT and the catalyst morphology, remained intact after six reaction cycles. The present study provides an insight into the promotion of Fenton reaction.