Chitosan-modified biochar: Preparation, modifications, mechanisms and applications

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Materials Science
• Chemistry

Background:

• Chitosan-modified biochar composites are gaining attention as effective adsorbents.
• These composites leverage the properties of both biochar and chitosan for enhanced performance.
• They offer a sustainable
• waste control by waste
• approach to pollution remediation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the preparation, classification, and adsorption mechanisms of chitosan-modified biochar.
• To summarize the effectiveness of these composites in decontaminating wastewater and soil.
• To explore their application in removing diverse pollutants, including heavy metals, drug residues, dyes, phosphates, radionuclides, and perfluorochemicals.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of preparation methods for chitosan-modified biochar.
• Analysis of adsorption mechanisms and models.
• Synthesis of existing research on pollutant removal efficacy.
• Discussion of challenges and future prospects.

Main Results:

• Chitosan modification significantly enhances biochar's surface functional groups, adsorption sites, stability, and overall adsorption properties.
• These composites demonstrate high efficiency in removing a wide range of pollutants from aqueous solutions and soil matrices.
• The review covers adsorption of heavy metal ions, drug residues, dyes, phosphates, radionuclides, and perfluorochemicals.

Conclusions:

• Chitosan-modified biochar composites are highly promising materials for environmental remediation, offering improved adsorption capabilities.
• Their application in soil improvement and sewage purification holds significant potential.
• Further research is encouraged to fully realize the capabilities of these composites in addressing environmental challenges.