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Dual-Task Gait Performance Following Head Impact Exposure in Male and Female Collegiate Rugby Players.

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Female athletes showed gait improvements over the season, while males did not. Females also exhibited higher dual-task costs, indicating sex-specific differences in gait after head impacts.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Gait impairments are common after concussion, but sex-specific effects of cumulative head impacts remain unclear.
  • Dual-task gait assessments, which involve cognitive tasks during walking, can reveal subtle gait deficits.
  • Dual-task cost quantifies the change in gait performance under cognitive load.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex-specific differences in dual-task gait metrics.
  • To analyze changes in gait metrics from pre-season to post-concussion and post-season.
  • To determine the dual-task costs associated with gait metrics between sexes.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study design was employed over two seasons.
  • 77 female and 64 male collegiate rugby players participated.
  • Inertial sensors captured gait during single- and dual-task walking conditions at multiple time points.

Main Results:

  • Female athletes improved in cadence, double support time, gait speed, and stride length over the season.
  • Male athletes showed no significant seasonal changes, except for faster gait speed and longer stride length in dual-task conditions.
  • Females consistently demonstrated higher dual-task costs for all four gait characteristics compared to males.

Conclusions:

  • Little evidence links repetitive head impacts to gait deficits.
  • Significant sex-specific differences in gait and dual-task costs exist.
  • These findings are crucial for diagnosing and managing sports-related concussions.