Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

3.2K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
3.2K
Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline01:30

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline

1.1K
Bernoulli's equation relates the energy conservation in a fluid moving along a streamline. The equation applies to incompressible and inviscid fluids under steady flow. For such a flow, Newton's second law is applied to a small fluid element, which experiences forces due to pressure differences, gravity, and velocity variations. The force balance leads to the following form of Bernoulli's equation:
1.1K
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models00:57

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models

162
Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
162
Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure01:17

Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure

3.4K
Endocrinal or hormonal intervention in the cardiovascular system is predominantly exerted by the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as a slew of hormones that interact with renal function to modulate blood volume.
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction...
3.4K
Bernoulli's Principle01:01

Bernoulli's Principle

10.4K
Bernoulli's equation incorporates how fluid pressure changes across a static, incompressible fluid by equating the kinetic energy contribution to zero. It is also helpful in analyzing horizontal flows in which the gravitational energy density is constant throughout. The latter equation is so useful that it is called Bernoulli's principle. According to Bernoulli's principle, the fluid pressure drops if the speed increases and vice versa.
Bernoulli's principle has several...
10.4K
Blood Pressure01:30

Blood Pressure

3.0K
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or force of blood exerted on the artery's walls as it circulates through the body. It is essential for maintaining blood flow throughout the body.
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the...
3.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Modeling Brain-Heart Interaction: A Review of Mechanistic Dynamical Models.

IEEE reviews in biomedical engineering·2025
Same author

Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Carotid Plaques Classification using CT Images and Hybrid Deep Transfer Learning.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

Mamba-CAM-Sleep: A Mamba-based Channel Attention Model for Sleep Staging Classification.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

Adaptive long-range modeling of EEG and ECG with Mamba and dynamic graph learning.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Assessment of pulse wave velocity through weighted visibility graph metrics from photoplethysmographic signals.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Combining flow virometry with tree-based machine learning models for rapid virus particle estimation in different wastewater matrices.

Water research·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.6K

Human Hypertension Blood Flow Model Using Fractional Calculus.

Mohamed A Bahloul1, Yasser Aboelkassem2,3, Taous-Meriem Laleg-Kirati1,4

  • 1Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences, and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.

Frontiers in Physiology
|April 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models blood flow in hypertensive arteries using fractional calculus. The new fractional model accurately reflects arterial changes in hypertension, offering insights into disease progression.

Keywords:
Windkessel modelblood flowfractional calculushypertensionvascular compliance

More Related Videos

Long-Term Continuous Measurement of Renal Blood Flow in Conscious Rats
05:09

Long-Term Continuous Measurement of Renal Blood Flow in Conscious Rats

Published on: February 8, 2022

2.8K
Shunt Surgery, Right Heart Catheterization, and Vascular Morphometry in a Rat Model for Flow-induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
09:23

Shunt Surgery, Right Heart Catheterization, and Vascular Morphometry in a Rat Model for Flow-induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: February 11, 2017

17.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.6K
Long-Term Continuous Measurement of Renal Blood Flow in Conscious Rats
05:09

Long-Term Continuous Measurement of Renal Blood Flow in Conscious Rats

Published on: February 8, 2022

2.8K
Shunt Surgery, Right Heart Catheterization, and Vascular Morphometry in a Rat Model for Flow-induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
09:23

Shunt Surgery, Right Heart Catheterization, and Vascular Morphometry in a Rat Model for Flow-induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: February 11, 2017

17.0K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Applied Mathematics

Background:

  • Hypertension significantly alters human arterial structure and function.
  • Accurate modeling of blood flow dynamics is crucial for understanding cardiovascular diseases.
  • Traditional models may not fully capture the complex viscoelastic properties of arteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel fractional calculus-based model for blood flow dynamics in hypertensive human arteries.
  • To investigate the physiological interpretability of fractional differentiation orders in arterial mechanics.
  • To assess the potential of fractional-order modeling in understanding hypertension-induced arterial changes.

Main Methods:

  • A five-element lumped parameter arterial Windkessel model was adapted.
  • Fractional-order capacitors were employed to represent arterial elasticity.
  • The model was validated using data from human hypertensive patients.

Main Results:

  • The proposed fractional model demonstrated high flexibility in characterizing the arterial tree network.
  • Validation using hypertensive patient data confirmed the model's accuracy.
  • The fractional differentiation order showed physiological interpretability.

Conclusions:

  • Fractional-order modeling provides a flexible and accurate approach to simulating blood flow in hypertensive arteries.
  • This method enhances the understanding of structural and functional arterial modifications in hypertension.
  • Fractional calculus offers significant potential for advancing cardiovascular disease research.