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Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...

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Updated: Sep 27, 2025

High-Throughput Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence and Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy Using a Photonic Chip

High-Throughput Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence and Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy Using a Photonic Chip

Published on: November 16, 2019

Versatile chip-based nanoscopy becomes ready for histopathology assessment.

Martin Lopez-Garcia¹

¹Natural and Artificial Photonic Structures Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal. martin.lopez@inl.int.

Light, Science & Applications

|April 8, 2022

Summary

Chip-nanoscopy enhances imaging below the optical diffraction limit for histopathology. This technique offers higher throughput than traditional methods, complementing electron microscopy for tissue analysis.

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Published on: December 8, 2015

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Histopathology
Microscopy

Background:

Nanoscopy offers super-resolution imaging below the optical diffraction limit, widely used in life sciences.
Traditional nanoscopy faces throughput limitations, restricting its application in histopathology.
Chip-nanoscopy utilizes integrated photonic chips for sample illumination, improving field of view and throughput in cell biology.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the potential of chip-nanoscopy for histopathology assessment.
To demonstrate chip-nanoscopy as a complementary technique to electron microscopy for tissue analysis.

Main Methods:

Implementation of chip-nanoscopy for histological sample illumination.
Comparison of chip-nanoscopy performance with traditional nanoscopy and electron microscopy.

Main Results:

Chip-nanoscopy demonstrates significant progress for studying histological samples.
The technique offers enhanced throughput and field of view suitable for histopathology.
Chip-nanoscopy provides a valuable alternative or complementary method to electron microscopy.

Conclusions:

Chip-nanoscopy presents a promising advancement for histopathology, overcoming throughput limitations of conventional nanoscopy.
This technology offers a valuable tool for detailed tissue analysis, potentially improving diagnostic capabilities.