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Free jets describe the flow of liquid exiting a reservoir through an opening into the atmosphere without resistance. The velocity (v) of the liquid jet is derived using Bernoulli's principle and expressed as:
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Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is...
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Stochastic Jetting and Dripping in Confined Soft Granular Flows.

Michał Bogdan1, Andrea Montessori2, Adriano Tiribocchi3

  • 1Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.

Physical Review Letters
|April 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

New dynamical modes, stochastic jetting and dripping, were observed in confined soft granular flows. These microfluidic emulsion dynamics offer insights into granular flow and mesoscale tissue dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Continuum viscous fluids exhibit predictable flow behaviors.
  • Soft granular materials, like emulsions, present complex dynamics when confined.
  • Understanding granular flow is crucial for various scientific and engineering applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel dynamical modes in confined soft granular flows.
  • To investigate the transition of individual grain chaos to system-level behavior.
  • To explore the potential of microfluidic emulsions as models for soft granular and biological systems.

Main Methods:

  • Confining monodisperse emulsion droplets into a narrow orifice using an external viscous flow.
  • Observing and analyzing the emergent dynamical modes, including jetting, dripping, and avalanching.
  • Characterizing the distribution of cluster sizes and droplet rearrangement sequences.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of stochastic jetting and dripping modes absent in continuum fluids.
  • Observation of avalanching dynamics and the formation of stable single-file granular chains.
  • Identification of non-Gaussian cluster size distributions and droplet rearrangement patterns resembling biological processes.

Conclusions:

  • Confined soft granular flows exhibit unique dynamical modes driven by particle-level chaos.
  • Microfluidic emulsion systems effectively model complex soft granular behaviors.
  • These findings suggest potential applications in modeling mesoscale tissue dynamics, such as cancer cell cluster formation.