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Updated: Sep 27, 2025
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Published on: July 3, 2015
Direct ionizing radiation and bystander effect in mouse mesenchymal stem cells.
Amanda Nogueira-Pedro1, Helena Regina Comodo Segreto2, Kathryn D Held3,4
1Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) showed radiation damage only in directly irradiated cells, not in bystander cells. This indicates that radiation effects are confined to the targeted MSCs, suggesting a positive radiobiological outcome.
Area of Science:
- Radiobiology
- Cellular Biology
- Stem Cell Research
Background:
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial in regenerative medicine.
- Understanding their response to radiation is vital for therapeutic applications.
- Investigating direct and bystander radiation effects is key to assessing safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- Evaluate direct and bystander radiation responses in MSCs.
- Characterize MSC radiobiology.
- Determine the extent of radiation-induced damage in MSC populations.
Main Methods:
- Irradiation of MSCs across a dose range (0.5-15 Gy).
- Analysis of DNA damage and cellular signaling pathways.
- Co-culture system to assess medium-mediated bystander effects.
Main Results:
- Significant effects (cell death, cycle arrest, p21 upregulation) observed in directly irradiated MSCs at doses >6 Gy.
- Micronuclei formation and H2AX phosphorylation occurred irrespective of dose.
- No bystander effects were observed in unirradiated MSCs co-cultured with irradiated cells.
Conclusions:
- Radiation damage is confined to directly irradiated MSCs.
- No off-target cellular responses were detected, indicating a positive radiobiological profile.
- MSCs demonstrate radioresistance regarding bystander effects.
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