[Syphilis infection in the ENT area]

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Infectious Diseases
• Dermatology

Context:

• Rising syphilis cases necessitate increased awareness among healthcare professionals.
• Syphilis (Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum) manifests with varied symptoms, including in the Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) regions.
• Increased oral sexual practices correlate with a rise in oral chancres.

Purpose:

• To highlight the importance of considering syphilis as a differential diagnosis in ENT practice.
• To outline the diagnostic methods and treatment options for syphilis affecting the ENT area.
• To emphasize the need for collaboration between ENT specialists and venereologists.

Summary:

• Syphilis presents with symptoms in the oral cavity, ear, nose, larynx, and facial regions, often mimicking other conditions.
• Diagnosis relies on direct pathogen detection or serological tests, as Treponema pallidum cannot be cultured.
• Penicillin G is the gold standard treatment, with alternatives like doxycycline, macrolides, or ceftriaxone. Glucocorticoids may be added for inner ear/cranial nerve involvement.

Impact:

• Enhances diagnostic capabilities for ENT specialists facing complex cases.
• Promotes timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment of syphilis, reducing complications.
• Facilitates effective patient management through interdisciplinary collaboration.