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The Retinal Basis of Light Aversion in Neonatal Mice.

Franklin S Caval-Holme1, Marcos L Aranda2, Andy Q Chen3

  • 1Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|April 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal mice avoid bright light via M1 intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). These M1 ipRGCs, which lack Brn3b, signal light aversion independently of retinal waves.

Keywords:
Cx30.2Cx45connexindevelopmentenucleationphotocurrent

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Aversive responses to bright light (photoaversion) are crucial for survival.
  • Melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) mediate photoaversion by encoding light intensity.
  • The specific ipRGC subtypes responsible for neonatal photoaversion remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the specific ipRGC subtypes that drive photoaversion in neonatal mice.
  • To elucidate the signaling mechanisms by which these ipRGCs mediate light avoidance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetic ablation of specific ipRGC subtypes (Brn3b-negative M1 ipRGCs).
  • Employed two-photon calcium imaging to assess ipRGC photosensitivity.
  • Investigated the role of TRPC6/TRPC7 ion channels and gap junction channels.
  • Examined M1 ipRGC responses to spontaneous retinal waves.

Main Results:

  • Neonatal mice lacking TRPC6 and TRPC7 showed impaired photoaversion and reduced M1 ipRGC photosensitivity.
  • Ablation of all ipRGC types except for Brn3b-negative M1 ipRGCs resulted in normal photoaversion.
  • Pharmacological or genetic disruption of gap junctions minimally affected photoaversion, indicating M1 ipRGCs are primary drivers.
  • M1 ipRGCs showed minimal depolarization from retinal waves, unlike other ipRGC types.

Conclusions:

  • Brn3b-negative M1 ipRGCs are the primary mediators of photoaversion in neonatal mice.
  • M1 ipRGCs function as a distinct information channel, enabling light-driven behavioral responses.
  • The reduced sensitivity of M1 ipRGCs to retinal waves allows for discrimination between light stimuli and developmental network activity.