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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Changing Fate: Reprogramming Cells via Engineered Nanoscale Delivery Materials.

Shiva Soltani Dehnavi1,2,3, Zahra Eivazi Zadeh4,5,6, Alan R Harvey7

  • 1ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health & Medicine, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
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Nanotechnology enhances cell reprogramming for regenerative medicine by overcoming limitations of viral and nonviral delivery systems. This review highlights nanomaterials as advanced tools for improved cell fate manipulation and biomedical applications.

Keywords:
cell reprogrammingnanomaterials-based chemical vectorsnonviral delivery systemsviral delivery systems

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Cell reprogramming is crucial for regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and disease modeling.
  • Current viral and nonviral delivery methods for cell reprogramming have significant limitations, including genomic integration, immune response, and low efficiency.
  • Nanomaterials offer unique properties like small size and high surface area, making them promising for improving delivery efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the state-of-the-art in cell reprogramming.
  • To focus on recent breakthroughs in using nanomaterials for cell reprogramming delivery.
  • To explore how nanotechnology can overcome existing delivery challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on cell reprogramming techniques.
  • Analysis of viral and nonviral delivery systems and their limitations.
  • Exploration of nanomaterial properties and their application in delivery systems.

Main Results:

  • Nanomaterials show potential to address limitations of traditional viral and nonviral delivery methods.
  • The unique properties of nanomaterials can enhance the efficiency and specificity of cell reprogramming.
  • Nanotechnology represents a significant advancement in manipulating cell fate for biomedical applications.

Conclusions:

  • Nanomaterials are emerging as powerful tools for cell reprogramming delivery.
  • Further research into nanomaterial-based delivery systems is essential for advancing regenerative medicine.
  • Nanotechnology integration promises to revolutionize cell-based therapies and disease treatment.