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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
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UV-filter octyl methoxycinnamate causes reproductive toxicity associated with germline apoptosis and vitellogenin

Chi-Wei Huang1, Zhi-Ying Kung2, Chia-Cheng Wei3

  • 1Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan.

Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|April 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC), a common sunscreen ingredient, shows reproductive toxicity in aquatic ecosystems. Exposure to OMC in C. elegans reduced egg production and brood size, indicating potential environmental risks.

Keywords:
2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamateApoptotic germ cellsEndocrine disruptionReproductionSoil nematodesvit genes

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) is a widely used UV filter in personal care products.
  • OMC's persistence in wastewater and potential endocrine-disrupting properties raise environmental concerns for aquatic ecosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the environmental toxicity of OMC using the nematode C. elegans.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for OMC exposure and reproductive toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of C. elegans (L1 larvae) to various concentrations of OMC.
  • Assessment of phenotypic endpoints including body length, eggs in utero, and total brood size.
  • Analysis of gene expression for vitellogenin and apoptosis-related genes, and induction of germline apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • OMC exposure significantly decreased body length, eggs in utero, and total brood size in C. elegans in a dose-dependent manner.
  • Germline apoptosis was induced at 10 μM OMC exposure.
  • Decreased vitellogenin gene expression (vit-2, vit-6) and increased apoptosis gene expression (egl-1, ced-3) were observed.

Conclusions:

  • OMC exhibits reproductive toxicity in C. elegans, leading to reduced egg formation and brood size.
  • The reproductive toxicity is linked to decreased vitellogenin levels and induced germline apoptosis.
  • OMC poses a potential risk to aquatic ecosystems due to its reproductive toxicity.