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Classification of Illness

Classification of Illness

The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...

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Clinical phenotyping in sarcoidosis using cluster analysis.

Nancy W Lin^1,2, Jaron Arbet³, Margaret M Mroz²

¹Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.

Respiratory Research

|April 10, 2022

Summary

Cluster analysis identified six distinct sarcoidosis phenotypes. This approach objectively classifies sarcoidosis, differentiating less severe from more severe disease presentations.

Keywords:

Cluster analysis Disease severity Phenotypes Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

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Area of Science:

Pulmonary Medicine
Immunology
Data Science in Healthcare

Background:

Current sarcoidosis phenotyping relies on subjective expert opinion, hindering widespread adoption.
Lack of objective classification criteria for sarcoidosis phenotypes.
Need for a data-driven approach to define sarcoidosis subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

To define objective sarcoidosis phenotypes using cluster analysis on clinical variables.
To identify distinct patient groups within sarcoidosis based on clinical data.
To improve the classification of sarcoidosis for better clinical management.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study of 554 sarcoidosis patients.
Application of model-based clustering using VarSelLCM R package.
Utilized Integrated Completed Likelihood (ICL) criteria for cluster estimation and variable importance scores for feature association.

Main Results:

Identified 6 distinct sarcoidosis phenotypes based on 29 clinical features.
Phenotypes 1-3 showed less severe lung function and lower treatment burden.
Phenotypes 4-6 exhibited lung function abnormalities, higher parenchymal involvement, and increased immunosuppressive treatment use.

Conclusions:

Cluster analysis provides an objective method for sarcoidosis phenotyping.
Six distinct phenotypes were identified, stratifying patients by disease severity.
This approach aids clinicians in distinguishing between less severe and severe sarcoidosis presentations.