Changes of diesel particle diameter and surface area distributions by non-thermal plasma

A wide literature has demonstrated that internal combustion engines are the main responsible for the emission of fine particles in urban areas. Within this scope, ultrafine particles within diesel exhausted gas have been widely proven to exert a significantly harmful impact on human health and environment. This scenario has led the research community to turn the attention from particle mass to diameter and surface area. In this paper, non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology was applied to a heavy duty diesel engine. Chemical reactions of diesel particles in plasma zone were analyzed. Additionally, variation in diesel particles' number and surface area distributions, engendered by above reactions, were thoroughly investigated. The results showed that diesel exhausted particles experienced oxidation, aggregation, and crush because of enhanced plasma transports and active species in plasma zone. NTP presents excellent reduction effectiveness of diesel particles covering different sizes. Being more than 50%, the most considerable surface area concentration drop was found in correspondence of 1800 RPM. Differently, the lowest drop of surface area concentration was seen at 1200 RPM. As a result of the NTP actions, surface area concentration distributions were almost the same for diameters being larger than 0.5 μm at different engine modes, except at 900 RPM. This research made a foundation of dropping particle emissions and evaluating the effectiveness of NTP dropping particle harms to human health.