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Is there fungal infestation in paediatric chronic otitis media - Mucosal disease?

Gautam Bir Singh1, Meenukrishnan Nair1, Ravinder Kaur2

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College & Associated Hospitals, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Marg, New Delhi 110001, India.

American Journal of Otolaryngology
|April 10, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Fungal colonization affects 32% of pediatric chronic otitis media (COM) cases. Intractable otorrhoea and prior antibiotic/steroid use are linked to fungal infections in COM.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Mycology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Chronic otitis media (COM) with mucosal disease is common in children.
  • Fungal infections are a potential, yet understudied, complication of COM.
  • Understanding fungal prevalence is crucial for effective pediatric ear infection management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of fungal colonization in pediatric COM-mucosal disease.
  • To investigate factors influencing fungal infestation, including age, sex, disease duration, prior treatments, and otorrhoea severity.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 66 pediatric patients (1-18 years) with active COM-mucosal disease.
  • Swab samples from 75 affected ears were analyzed for fungal infection via culture.
  • Statistical analysis correlated fungal presence with clinical factors: age, sex, background, COM duration, prior antibiotic/steroid use, and intractable otorrhoea.

Main Results:

  • A fungal colonization prevalence of 32% (24 out of 75 ears) was observed in the pediatric COM population.
  • No significant association was found between fungal infestation and pediatric age group, sex, background, or disease duration.
  • A significant correlation was identified between fungal infestation and previous antibiotic/steroid usage, as well as intractable otorrhoea.

Conclusions:

  • Fungal colonization is a significant finding in pediatric COM-mucosal disease.
  • Children with intractable otorrhoea and those with a history of antibiotic/steroid use require specific attention for fungal infections.
  • Judicious use of antibiotics and steroid ear drops is recommended in managing pediatric COM to potentially mitigate fungal complications.
Keywords:
ChildrenChronic otitis media-mucosal diseaseFungusPaediatric

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