Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformations Rupture in Pregnancy

Arteriovenous malformations are congenital vascular malformations with a high flow rate. They are made up of a complex vessel system that forms a nidus by connecting feeding arteries to draining veins. Arteriovenous malformations can be fatal due to progressive symptoms and infiltrative disease. The head and neck are the most affected areas by extracranial arteriovenous malformations, followed by the limbs. Hormonal changes during pregnancy lead to the expansion of arteriovenous malformations, which may lead to aggressive progression. We present a case of a patient who had a very rare presentation of ruptured forehead arteriovenous malformations during her fifth pregnancy. A combination of radiological embolization followed by surgical excision was used to treat the condition.