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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
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Massive Ovarian Cyst Mimics Constipation.

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  • 1Emergency Medicine Residency, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut.

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Summary

Point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) aids emergency physicians in diagnosing pediatric abdominal pain and constipation. It identified a large ovarian cyst in a 14-year-old girl, expediting treatment for this uncommon cause.

Keywords:
constipationemergency medicineovarian cystpediatricspoint-of-care ultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Medical Ultrasound

Background:

  • Abdominal pain and constipation are frequent chief complaints in pediatric emergency departments.
  • Differential diagnoses range from uncomplicated constipation to serious intra- or extra-intestinal pathologies.
  • Point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) offers a valuable tool for evaluating these undifferentiated symptoms.

Observation:

  • A 14-year-old female presented with acute abdominal pain and constipation, accompanied by vomiting.
  • Initial symptoms mimicked previous episodes of constipation responsive to laxatives.
  • Point-of-care ultrasound revealed a large ovarian cyst, a previously unrecognized etiology.

Findings:

  • PoCUS successfully identified a large ovarian cyst as the cause of the patient's symptoms.
  • This finding was crucial in differentiating the condition from simple constipation.
  • The ultrasound facilitated prompt transfer for surgical intervention.

Implications:

  • Emergency physicians should consider PoCUS for pediatric patients with abdominal pain and constipation.
  • PoCUS can detect less common, fluid-associated pathologies like ovarian cysts or bowel obstructions.
  • Early ultrasound diagnosis can expedite appropriate management and improve patient outcomes.