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Clinical Importance of FNDC-5 and Selectin-E mRNA Expression Among Type 2 Diabetics with and without Obesity
Amit K Verma1,2, Alanoud Aladel3, Sadaf Dabeer4
1Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India.
Background:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing illnesses associated with metabolic dysregulation such as obesity affecting a large population become leading causes of death worldwide. Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC-5) and selectin-E were suggested to have effects on metabolism and diabetes, therefore present study aimed to evaluate the clinical importance of FNDC-5 and selectin-E among the T2DM patients with and without obesity.
Methods:
Study included cohort of 200 T2DM patients with and without obesity. We evaluated FNDC-5, selectin-E mRNA expression as well as vitamin-D, and vitamin-B12 levels in among the T2DM patients with and without obesity.
Results:
Study observed significant difference in biochemical parameters included in study. T2DM patients with obesity had significantly higher fasting blood glucose levels (p<0.0001) and HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) (p<0.0001) compared to those T2DM patients without obesity. T2DM patients with obesity also had higher systolic blood pressure (p=0.001), LDL (low density lipoprotein) (p=0.02), TG (triglycerides) (p=0.02) and cholesterol (p=0.01) compared to T2DM patients without obesity. The mRNA expression of FNDC-5 (p<0.0001) was lower in T2DM patients with obesity compared to T2DM patients without obesity. It was observed that the T2DM patients with vitamin-D deficiency had significantly lower FNDC-5 mRNA expression (p=0.03) when compared with those with sufficient vitamin-D level. T2DM patients with clinically normal vitamin-B12 level expressed 0.60 fold FNDC-5 mRNA expression while B12 deficient T2DM patients had 0.28 fold FNDC-5 mRNA expression (p=0.005). No as such significant association was was observed with selectin-E. A negative correlation of FNDC-5 mRNA expression with Post prandial glucose (mg/dl) (p=0.04) and TG (mg/dl) (p=0.02) was observed.
Conclusion:
FNDC-5 down regulation was observed with T2DM with obesity, vitamin-D and vitamin-B12 deficiency suggesting obesity, vitamin-D and vitamin-B12 deficiency could be the factor for FNDC-5 down-regulation leading to worseness or progression of disease. We suggest that FNDC-5 down-regulation could be used as an indicator for T2DM worseness and development of other associated complications.
Insights
Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC-5) mRNA expression is lower in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with obesity, vitamin-D, and vitamin-B12 deficiency. This downregulation may indicate disease progression and associated complications.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing global health concern linked to metabolic dysregulation, particularly obesity.
- Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC-5) and selectin-E are implicated in metabolic regulation and diabetes.
- Understanding their role in T2DM, especially in obese patients, is crucial for disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical significance of FNDC-5 and selectin-E in T2DM patients.
- To compare FNDC-5 and selectin-E levels in T2DM patients with and without obesity.
- To explore the association of these proteins with biochemical parameters and vitamin levels in T2DM.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 200 T2DM patients, with and without obesity, was studied.
- FNDC-5 and selectin-E mRNA expression levels were measured.
- Vitamin-D and vitamin-B12 levels were assessed in all participants.
Main Results:
- Obese T2DM patients exhibited significantly higher fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, LDL, triglycerides, and cholesterol.
- FNDC-5 mRNA expression was significantly lower in obese T2DM patients compared to non-obese T2DM patients.
- Lower FNDC-5 mRNA expression correlated with vitamin-D deficiency, vitamin-B12 deficiency, and higher triglyceride levels.
Conclusions:
- FNDC-5 downregulation is associated with obesity, vitamin-D deficiency, and vitamin-B12 deficiency in T2DM patients.
- This downregulation may contribute to disease worsening and the development of complications.
- FNDC-5 downregulation could serve as a potential biomarker for T2DM progression and associated risks.
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