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COVID-19 induced hypoparathyroidism: A case report.
Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou1, Pantelis Avramopoulos2, Petros Papalexis3,4
1Pulmonology Department, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
|April 11, 2022
Summary
COVID-19 can cause hypoparathyroidism, a rare endocrine disorder affecting calcium and phosphorus levels. This study highlights a case of primary hypoparathyroidism induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Virology
- Pathology
Background:
- Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by low serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels.
- It typically results from parathyroid gland injury due to surgery, autoimmune disease, genetics, or infiltrative conditions.
Observation:
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause multi-organ dysfunction, including endocrine glands.
- SARS-CoV-2 infection may damage endocrine tissues through direct viral entry, inflammation, thrombosis, hypoxia, and cytokine storms.
- Limited research exists on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)'s impact on parathyroid glands.
Findings:
- This study presents a case of primary hypoparathyroidism directly induced by COVID-19.
- Hypoparathyroidism has been infrequently observed in individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider COVID-19 as a potential cause of new-onset primary hypoparathyroidism.
- SARS-CoV-2 infection may also trigger decompensation in patients with pre-existing hypoparathyroidism, even without direct parathyroid tropism.
