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PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway and Its Role in Cancer Therapeutics: Are We Making Headway?

Yan Peng1, Yuanyuan Wang2, Cheng Zhou3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China.

Frontiers in Oncology
|April 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is crucial in cancer development. Understanding its role and targeting it with new therapies can improve cancer treatment and clinical decisions.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, with increasing incidence and death rates.
  • Tumor complexity and heterogeneity demand personalized or targeted therapeutic strategies.
  • The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is frequently altered in cancer, driving tumorigenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review oncogenic alterations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in various cancers.
  • To summarize the pathway's role in cancer hallmarks like proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, angiogenesis, EMT, and chemoresistance.
  • To present recent advancements in PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitor research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of oncogenic PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway alterations.
  • Analysis of the pathway's involvement in key cancer hallmarks.
  • Synthesis of current research on PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Aberrant PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation is a significant factor in carcinogenesis.
  • The pathway influences critical cancer processes including cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis.
  • Recent progress has been made in developing targeted therapies inhibiting this pathway.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway's role in tumorigenesis is vital.
  • Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway holds promise for novel cancer therapeutics.
  • This knowledge can inform clinical decision-making for improved cancer patient outcomes.
Keywords:
PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathwaycanceroncogenic alterationsprecision medicinetargeted therapy

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